It is therefore, a difficult crop to harvest mechanically which discourages largescale commercialisation, but it is an ideal crop for smallholder households. In recent years there has, however, been renewed interest in the crop for cultivation in the arid savannah zones. To breed bambara groundnut lines for improved drought tolerance and cookability, which are adapted to local environments, leading to more stable yields of bambara groundnut with shorter. Chibudu 98 characterization and evaluation of iitas bambara groundnut collection a. The introduction of the groundnut to the gambia afrol. It can be used on regular basis for at least three months. Its seeds are highly nutritious and we can consider them a complete food. Africa, voandzou, nzama malawi, indhlubu and underground bean. Objective of the research was to obtain information on the effects of invigoration and spacing on the growth and seed. Pdf on dec 1, 2015, adzawla w and others published technical efficiency of bambara groundnut production in northern ghana find, read. Utilization of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. Assessment of twenty bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. An overview of bambara groundnut production and research by the farming systems.
Pdf technical efficiency of bambara groundnut production in. Ethnological studies of the major indian tribes of south america document the widespread culture of groundnut and provide indirect evidence for its domestication long before the spanish conquest. Biscuits prepared without bambara groundnut flour were kept as control. Pdf evaluation of bambara groundnut varieties for off. Pdf application of bambara groundnut in the production. Seed borne fungi of bambara groundnut in benue state, nigeria. Research findings indicate that the crop has great nutritional and agronomic potential, but it remains scientifically neglected. Soil preparation the bambara gives the best yields on a deeply ploughed field with a fine seedbed.
Origin and ecology of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. Pdf application of bambara groundnut in the production of. A field survey was conducted in 2015 to determine the seed borne fungi of bambara groundnut in five local government areas kwande. Jan 30, 2015 bambara groundnut is a good home remedy for heavy and prolonged menstruation. Mycelial penetration and binding was good when strains nrrl 2710 r. The nutritive value and mineral contents of bambara groundnut landrace selections varied considerably in response to water regimes, sequential harvesting, locations and seasons. Revitalizing cultivation and strengthening the seed. Bambara groundnut vigna subterranea seeds feedipedia. Also, planting density of bambara groundnut is often low vigna subterranea l. In all, 30 bambara groundnut farmers were selected. World production of vigna subterranea increased from 29,800 tonnes in 2015. About bambara groundnut and its health benefits nutritional values and health benefits of bambara groundnut this type of food crop, also known as bambara nuts is predominately cultivated in west africa, it is a type of groundnut and also is one of the common food sources in nigeria as it used in the production of various food delicacies. It is a third crop among the grain legume crops of the african lowland tropics after the popular groundnut and cowpea. Origin and ecology of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea.
For compacted soil and weed infested areas, ploughing, followed by. Pdf effects of invigoration and spacing on growth and. To conserve and make available bambara groundnut pgrfa for further utilisation by farmers and researchers, allowing farmerled selection of germplasm. In terms of production, bambara groundnut is managed in a tra. Pdf on jan 31, 2019, omolara r adegbanke and others published application of bambara groundnut in the production of cookies find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Bambara groundnut, consumption, market, nutritional value, promote 1. The mean quality score of the biscuits decreased with the level of the bambara groundnut flour was increased. Bambara groundnut prefers a soil with a ph of 5,0 to 6,5. Pdf a study was undertaken to understand the practices and major constraints in bambara groundnut production, marketing and consumption in the brong. Nigeria leads in production with 100 000 tons followed by burkina faso, ghana, mali. This legume is grown for its underground seeds, which are formed in pods on or just below the ground, much like the similar but distinct peanut.
Assessment of twenty bambara groundnut vigna subterranea. A baseline study was conducted in seven districts in semiarid regions of rural zimbabwe to gather knowledge on current. A global mapping system for bambara groundnut production elis. Bambara is one of many neglected and underutilized crop species in south africa where the crop is mostly grown in the northern and eastern parts of the country by smallholder farmers either as an intercrop or a sole crop. It originates from west africa and is cultivated in drier tropical africa.
Studies on the production of bambara groundnut vigna. It is an underutilized crop and neglected by research. Bambara groundnut is important for smallholders and their households because the. The improvement of bambara groundnut production in. Bambara groundnut is mainly cultivated as intercrop, however the planting density varies between 6 and 29 plants per square meter. Bambara groundnut is a completely balanced food containing sufficient quantities of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and. The cultivation of bambara groundnut is of particular importance in semi arid areas. However, in the study areas, traditional grain crops, including sorghum and pearl millet, have been largely displaced with the expansion of cotton and maize production kouressy et al. Fotso 119 development of the international bambara groundnut database f. The bambara groundnut has become less important in many parts of africa because of the expansion of groundnut production. The potential of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea in. Bambara groundnut, an indigenous african legume, was subjected to fermentation by three strains of rhizopus.
A total of 150 000160 000 t, or 4550% of world production of the crop, came from west. These findings suggested that bambara groundnut is a. The crop makes few demands on the soil, and is known to be drought tolerant and relatively disease free. The crop is richer in essential amino acids than other legumes and has a higher protein score 80% than soya bean 74% and cowpea 64% 3. Fermentation by both strains resulted in increases of ph, moisture, protein and fat while total. To determine the optimum level of bambara groundnut flour substitution that would give an acceptable biscuit using sensory parameters. The crop makes few demands on the soil, and is known to be drought tolerant and. Practices and constraints in bambara groundnuts production.
Africa the bambara remains one of the crops most neglected by science. Fair plant growth and pod production were observed in fall trials in gainesville, florida. The improvement of bambara groundnut production in northern. Mateva2,3 muhammad zahrulakmal2 mohd khairul izwan mohd hahiree2 presidor kendabie1. It is regarded as womens crop in most cultures and frequently intercropped or mixed with cowpea, maize and sorghum mkandawire and sibuga, 2002. A weather generator and a crop simulation model of bambara groundnut bamnut were incorporated into a geographical information system gis to predict, for the first time, bambara groundnut production for the world. Descriptors for bambara groundnut vigna subterranea. Reliable production figures for bambara groundnut are difficult to obtain, because the crop is mainly grown for human consumption and local markets.
Seed borne fungi of bambara groundnut in benue state, nigeria isadeha, a, time, i. Percentage composition of experimental diet fed to broiler finisher from the 6th to 12th week of age. The species is also grown to a lesser extent in some asian countries such as india, malaysia, philippines and thailand. It is an important crop for small holder farmers due to its. The centre of origin is most likely northeastern nigeria and northern cameroon, in west africa. It is generally distributed in the tropical, subtropical and warm temperate zones. Proceedings of the 18 th international farm management congress, methven, canterbury, newzealand, ifma18theme 3. Bambara groundnut agrifoodgateway horticulture international. Evaluation of bambara groundnut varieties for offseason production in zimbabwe. The introduction of the groundnut to the gambia in the western sudan, the groundnut is one of the most important cash crops and food staple nowadays. The objectives of the study were 1 to understand the practices and major constraints in bambara groundnut production, marketing and consumption and 2 provide some baseline information on production, marketing and consumption of bambara in the selected areas in ghana. It is cultivated primarily as human food, for its seeds. The objectives were to study the optimum hydro priming duration that will increase dry matter production and seed yield in bambara groundnut landrace. The integration came through a coincidence of interests.
Madamba 128 an experiment to cross bambara groundnut and cowpea f. Finally, it posits that there is a need for a wider inclusion of researchers in work bothering on bambara groundnut, with respect to equal opportunities for training and funding. Pdf practices and constraints in bambara groundnuts production. Verdcourt landraces using quantitative morphological traits for plant breeding to control these constraints could help to increase the production and the productivity of this crop15. An overview of bambara groundnut production and research by the farming systems research unit fsru in zimbabwe. One major constraint in bambara groundnut production is inadequate information on the type and intensity of mixtureintercropping with other crop types in the farming systems practiced by farmers. Looking at the origin of accession in iitas bambara groundnut germ plasm collection, it is obvious that the crop is found in almost all parts of subsaharan africa. Bambara flour was higher in protein than wheat flour.
The objective of the present study was to characterize the. Bambara groundnut, also known as vigna subterranea, is a leguminous plant. For woodland savannas of cote divoire the highest yield is attainable with a plant density of 25 plants per square meter. Department of crop and environmental protection, university of agriculture, makurdi, nigeria.
A field survey was conducted in 2015 to determine the seed borne fungi of bambara groundnut in. However, in the study areas, traditional grain crops, including sorghum and. The objective of this paper is to record the ecology of bambara groundnut on the. The health benefits of bambara groundnut are due to the abundance of some nutrients, which are present in them.
Influence of graded levels of toasted bambara groundnut meal on rabbit carcass characteristics. A stochastic frontier analysis of bambara groundnut production in western kenya. Just eating 10 to 20 grams bambara groundnuts with milk can help in this condition. One major constraint in bambara groundnut production in. Farmers practices, utilization, conservation and marketing of. One major constraint in bambara groundnut production in southern.
Pdf a survey of the bambara groundnut scale of production, processing and storage methods as well as the uses of the crop in north eastern nigeria. In such regions, the crop has been found to thrive and produce yield under. Despite of the many useful properties of this pulse, it remains a neglected crop in subsaharan africa. Such information is currently lacking particularly in the coastal rainforest area of the country which has potential for the cultivation of the crop. Producers and consumers of bambara groundnut, household sizes, marketing of bambara groundnut, utilization uses, dishes, etc of the crop, constraints in production of bambara groundnut and farmer management of the crop. Food security potentials of bambara groundnut vigna. Effects of raw and heattreated bambara groundnut vigna subterranea on the performance and body composition of. Bambara groundnut production in africa alone at 330 000 mt with production figures from 11 countries. Bambara groundnut flour was supplemented with wheat flour at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% level. Low production of bambara groundnut in indonesia is due to low quality seeds and the use of less optimal cultivation technology. Begemann 5 the potential role of ngos in promoting. Production levels in south africa groundnut is mainly produced in the western regions of sa, with 40% of production taking place in the western and northwestern free state, 29% in the north west and 24% in the northern cape. Influence of planting densities on the performance of. Linnemann and others published cultivation of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l.
Revitalizing cultivation and strengthening the seed systems. The international bambara groundnut network bamnet was founded as a result of an international bambara groundnut workshop, held 1416 november 1995 in harare, zimbabwe. Bambara groundnut is an important source of affordable protein in the diets especially in regions where animal protein is comparatively expensive. Bambara groundnut is a natural for florida gardens since it tolerates poor soils. Pdf cultivation of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. Begemann 124 breeding bambara groundnut varieties suitable for zimbabwean conditions r.
Taylorb adepartment of agriculture and horticulture, bdepartment of applied biochemistry and food science, university of nottingham, sutton bonington campus, loughborough le12 5rd, uk received 17. Bambara groundnut is now widely distributed in the semiarid zone of subsaharan africa ssa and most authors seem to support the view that there, it is the third most important food legume after cowpea vigna unguiculata and groundnut mkandawire, 2007. Food chemistry 47 1993 277283 the potential of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea in vegetable milk production and basic protein functionality systems s. Nutritional value of bambara groundnut vigna subterranea l. Propagation the bambara groundnut is propagated by seed.
Bambara groundnut is indigenous to subsaharan africa where it is widely cultivated. The genetic resources of this crop face a serious threat of genetic erosion. Unlike the african bambara groundnut, it is not an indigenous species, but was brought by portuguese traders from the americas in the 16th century. The bambara groundnut is also called the congo groundnut, congo goober, madagascar groundnut, earth pea, baffin pea, njugo bean s. Bambara groundnut vigna subterranean, is called gurjiya or kwaruru in hausa, okpa in ibo and epakuta in yoruba, igbolahi in tiv parts of nigeria. Production practices bambara groundnut grows close to the ground and the nuts are produced underground. Bambara groundnut fao food and agriculture organization. To blend bambara groundnut with wheat flour in the production of biscuits. Mateva2,3 muhammad zahrulakmal2 mohd khairul izwan mohd hahiree2 presidor kendabie1 luis c. Issn 21655308 print issn production and evaluation of. Germination of bambara groundnut is hypogeal as the cotyledon remain on the ground.
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